Notes

Virginia City, Nev. Edited by H. M. Bien. Cf. Karl J. R. Arndt and May E. Olson, Die deutschsprachige Presse des Amerikas, 3rd ed. (Munich, 1976), vol. 1, p. 299; Reva Clar and William M. Kramer, "Julius Eckman and Herman Bien: The Battling Rabbis of San Francisco," pt. III, Western States Jewish Historical Quarterly (July 1983), p. 355; Richard E. Lingenfelter and Karen Rix Gash, The Newspapers of Nevada: A History and Bibliography, 1854-1979 (Reno, 1984), p. 259, noting the paper’s demise around Dec. 1864.